General Dentistry: Ask a Dentist About Gum Health

Regular dental examinations are an essential part of your preventative health care plan. They are also the perfect time to ask your dentist any questions you have about oral care. While you may be prepared to ask about caring for your teeth, your gums are equally important.

Important questions to keep the gums healthy

These questions can help you start a conversation with your dentist about gum health.

What is periodontal disease?

Periodontal disease, or gum disease, is an infection in the soft and hard structures that support the teeth. It is a significant cause of tooth loss in adults. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 47% of adults 30 years and older exhibit signs of gum disease. While many of these cases are moderate, 9% of adults have severe periodontal disease. It is more prevalent in men than in women, and gum disease chances increase with age.

Early periodontal disease is known as gingivitis. It is reversible at this stage and easily treated with cleaning by a dental professional and regular brushing and flossing. Once gum disease advances, it is known as periodontitis, which can cause tissue and bone loss.

What causes gum disease?

Poor oral hygiene is a leading cause of gum disease. However, other factors can contribute to its development. You may be at increased risk of periodontal disease if you:

• Smoke or chew tobacco
• Have crooked teeth that are difficult to clean
• Are pregnant
• Have diabetes
• Are immunocompromised
• Take certain kinds of medications
• Have a family history of gum disease

How can you know if you have periodontal disease?

Gingivitis causes your gums to become red and swollen. They may bleed easily, especially when you brush your teeth. You may also notice sensitivity, painful chewing, or bad breath that does not go away. Once gum disease becomes severe, you may feel your teeth loosening and moving around.

It is possible, however, to have gum disease with no warning signs. This is why regular dental exams are essential to gum health. Your dentist can spot signs of periodontal disease with a gum probe, a tool used to look for bleeding, swelling, and recession that causes periodontal pockets. These pockets are common in diseased gums and allow bacteria and plaque to collect, increasing the chance for tooth and bone damage.

How is gum disease treated?

A dental professional can treat gingivitis by cleaning your teeth in the office, followed by daily brushing and flossing. If you have more advanced gum disease, ask your dentist about other treatments. It is essential to remember that gum disease is usually preventable with good oral hygiene habits, a healthy diet, and regular checkups.